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Lecture Starts: 26:40

The Oceans of Our Planet, Part 1

 

Lecture: MModule01-1w

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsM/Module01/1stOverhead01.htm

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsM/Module01/2ndOverhead.htm

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsM/Module01/3rdOverhead.htm

 

http://rwt.apologia.com/

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/HandoutsM/Module01/MModule1SG.htm

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/SampleInformalReport.htm

 

http://redwagontutorials.com/FormLabM.htm

 

http://www.freenaturepictures.com/pictures/wave-breaking-on-rocks-4.html

 

1.  How many large ocean basins are there in the world?

 

There are four large ocean basins are there in the world?

 

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Mi-Oc/Ocean-Basins.html 

 

2.  Who can name one of these four basins?

 

The 4 large ocean basins of the world are the Arctic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean.

 

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ocean/index.shtml

 

3.  The part of the earth’s crust that is covered with ocean is called what?

 

The part of the earth’s crust that is covered with ocean is made up of oceanic crust. 

 

4.  The oceanic crust is composed mainly of ______, which is relatively dense solidified lava.

 

The oceanic crust is composed mainly of basalt, which is relatively dense solidified lava.

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt    

 

5.  The part of the earth’s crust that is not covered with ocean is called what? 

 

The continental crust is the part of the earth’s crust that is not covered with ocean.  It is composed mainly of granite, which is less dense than the crust under the ocean.

 

6.  The continental crust is composed mainly of _______, which is less dense than the crust under the ocean. 

 

The continental crust is composed mainly of granite, which is less dense than the crust under the ocean.

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite

 

7.  The crusts float on the earth’s ________. 

 

The crusts float on the earth’s mantle.

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(geology) 

 

8.  The slow-flowing material that makes up the mantle is called what, because it sometimes behaves like a liquid and sometimes behaves like a solid?

 

The slow-flowing material that makes up the mantle is called plastic rock because it sometimes behaves like liquid and sometimes behaves like solid.

 

9.  Scientists hypothesize that all the continents of the world were once part of a large super-continent called what? 

 

Scientists hypothesize that all the continents of the world were once part of a large super-continent called Pangaea.

 

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/historical.html

 

10.  Plate tectonics can explain what about the present locations of the continents?

 

The plates of the earth’s crust are believed to have drifted to their present locations via a process known as plate tectonics.  The movement of the continents to their present is also known as continental drift.

 

11.  Name the two types of geological structures where two plates meet.

 

The two types of geological structures where two plates meet are (1) a mid-ocean ridge system and (2) a trench system.

 

http://www.coast-nopp.org/visualization_modules/physical_chemical/basin_coastal_morphology/principal_features/deep_ocean/basins.html

 

12.  In a mid-ocean ridge system, two plates move away from each other via the process called _______________ _______________.  

 

In a mid-ocean ridge system, two plates move away from each other via the process called seafloor spreading.

 

http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/nemo/explorer/concepts/spreading.html

 

13.  In a trench system, two plates move towards each other, one dipping down into the mantle.  This process is called what?

 

In a trench system, two plates move towards each other, one dipping down into the mantle.  This process is called subduction.

 

http://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_12.asp

 

14.  Earthquakes are found most commonly around what kind of geological system?

 

The geologic activity most commonly found around ridge systems is in the form of earthquakes.

 

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/neic/ 

 

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/index.php 

 

15.  The geologic activity most often found around trench systems is in the form of what? 

 

The geologic activity most often found around trench systems is in the form of volcanoes.

 

http://www.volcanoes.com/

 

16.  Oceanic crust formation mostly occurs where?  Oceanic crust is destroyed mostly where?

 

Oceanic crust formation mostly occurs in the Atlantic Ocean where there is a large mid-ocean ridge.  Oceanic crust is destroyed mostly in the Pacific Ocean where there are more numerous deep ocean trenches.

 

17.  The gently sloped shallow section of the edge of a continent is called the what?

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_basin  

 

The gently sloped shallow section of the edge of a continent is called the continental shelf.  This location is where most ocean life is found. 

 

18.  The shelf break is located where?

 

The shelf break is located at the point where the slope of the bottom begins to become steeper. 

 

19.  True or False: The continental slope is found in Sun Valley, Idaho and is a favorite winter skiing slope.

 

False:  The continental slope is steeper section of a continental edge.  It reaches down to a gently sloping area at the base called the continental rise, where debris and sediment collect in the ocean. 

 

20.  What is the abyssal plain?

 

The abyssal plain is the deepest region of the seafloor.

 

21.  The major property of water that keeps its molecules together is what?

 

The major property of water that keeps its molecules together is hydrogen bonding.  This creates a flexible “skin” at the water’s surface called surface tension.

 

http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/161Ahydrogenbond.html

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

 

22.  Water naturally exists on earth in three phases.  What are they and give me an example?  

 

Water naturally exists on earth in three phases: solid – in the form of ice or snow, liquid – in the form of water, and gas – in the form of water vapor.

 

http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/photos/photos.htm 

 

23.  When water freezes it becomes _________ __________, allowing solid water to float on liquid water.

 

When water freezes it becomes less dense, allowing solid water to float on liquid water.

 

24.  Water does not change temperature very quickly despite drastic air temperature changes.  Waters non-changeability is due to what property?

 

Water has a high specific heat; therefore, it does not change temperature very quickly despite drastic air temperature changes.

 

http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/waterproperties.html

 

25.  True or False:  Water is often called the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than most other liquids.

 

True.  Water is often called the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than most other liquids.

 

26.  Seawater consists of pure water with materials dissolved in it.  The solids in seawater come from what two sources?

 

The solids in seawater come from the weathering of rocks and hydrothermal vents.

 

http://www.americansouthwest.net/utah/monument_valley/photographs.html

 

http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/vents/vent-infomod.html# 

 

Seawater consists of pure water with materials dissolved in it.  The solids come from the weathering of rocks on land, carried to the ocean by rivers.  They also come from the mantle area of the earth, released through deep openings called hydrothermal vents.

 

27.  ___________________ is a measure of the total amount of salt dissolved in a solvent. 

 

Salinity is a measure of the total amount of salt dissolved in a solvent.

 

http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/salinity.html  

 

28.  Evaporation will result in greater or lesser salinity of the water left behind?

 

Evaporation will result in greater salinity of the water left behind.

 

http://www.mos.org/oceans/planet/index.html